NCIA is a 501(c)(3) public benefit corporation founded in 1977 by Dr. Jerome G. Miller and Herbert J. Hoelter. Since that time, Dr. Miller and Mr. Hoelter have been on the leading edge of new concepts in criminal and juvenile justice, providing professional research, training and technical assistance for developing and supporting community-based programs. As a result, NCIA has developed and implemented sentencing programs in 15 states, trained thousands of public defenders and their staffs, and prepared information for more than 10,000 individuals facing sentencing in adult and juvenile courts.